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(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[57],{343:function(t,a,s){"use strict";s.r(a);var e=s(14),v=Object(e.a)({},(function(){var t=this,a=t._self._c;return a("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":t.$parent.slotKey}},[a("h1",{attrs:{id:"lab-1-熟悉类linux系统的命令"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#lab-1-熟悉类linux系统的命令"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" Lab-1 熟悉类Linux系统的命令")]),t._v(" "),a("h2",{attrs:{id:"本章导读"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#本章导读"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" 本章导读")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("本章意在介绍Linux系统的常用命令，要求掌握Linux一般命令格式，学会使用man命令来寻求帮助，学习使用命令对有关文件和目录进行操作，利用vi编辑器建立、编辑、显示及加工处理文本文件。")]),t._v(" "),a("h2",{attrs:{id:"帮助命令"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#帮助命令"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" 帮助命令")]),t._v(" "),a("h3",{attrs:{id:"man命令-显示联机帮助手册"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#man命令-显示联机帮助手册"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" "),a("code",[t._v("man")]),t._v("命令：显示联机帮助手册")]),t._v(" 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"),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-z")]),t._v("调用gzip压缩命令执行压缩；")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-j")]),t._v("调用bzip2压缩命令执行压缩")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-t")]),t._v("查看压缩文件内容")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-x")]),t._v("解开tar文件")])])]),t._v(" "),a("div",{staticClass:"language-shell extra-class"},[a("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-shell"}},[a("code",[a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# 将 file.tar.gz 解压到当前目录")]),t._v("\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[t._v("tar")]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token parameter variable"}},[t._v("-zxvf")]),t._v(" a.tar.gz\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# 将 /home 下的文件夹压缩为 file.tar.gz")]),t._v("\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[t._v("tar")]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token parameter variable"}},[t._v("-zcvf")]),t._v(" file.tar.gz /home/\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# 将 file.tar.gz 解压到 /tmp 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"),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-r")]),t._v("递归式地查找指定目录并压缩其中的所有文件或者是解压缩。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-t")]),t._v("测试，检查压缩文件是否完整。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-v")]),t._v("对每一个压缩和解压的文件，显示文件名和压缩比。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-num")]),t._v("用指定的数字num调整压缩的速度，-1或--fast表示最快压缩方法（低压缩比），-9或--best表示最慢压缩方法（高压缩比），系统缺省值为6")])])]),t._v(" "),a("div",{staticClass:"language-shell extra-class"},[a("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-shell"}},[a("code",[a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# 将usr.tar压缩为usr.tar.gz文件")]),t._v("\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[t._v("gzip")]),t._v(" usr.tar\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# file1.txt压缩为file1.txt.gz文件")]),t._v("\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[t._v("gzip")]),t._v(" file1.txt\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# 将压缩文件usr.tar解压，并列出详细的信息")]),t._v("\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[t._v("gzip")]),t._v(" –dv usr.tar.gz\n")])])]),a("h3",{attrs:{id:"unzip命令-压缩和解压缩文件-zip拓展"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#unzip命令-压缩和解压缩文件-zip拓展"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" "),a("code",[t._v("unzip")]),t._v("命令：压缩和解压缩文件(zip拓展)")]),t._v(" "),a("blockquote",[a("p",[t._v("基本语法："),a("em",[t._v("unzip [选项] 文件名.zip")])]),t._v(" "),a("blockquote",[a("p",[t._v("选项说明：")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-x")]),t._v("文件列表 解压缩文件，但不包括指定的file文件。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-v")]),t._v("查看压缩文件目录，但不解压。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-t")]),t._v("测试文件有无损坏，但不解压。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-d")]),t._v("目录 把压缩文件解到指定目录下。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-z")]),t._v("只显示压缩文件的注解。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-n")]),t._v("不覆盖已经存在的文件。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-o")]),t._v("覆盖已存在的文件且不要求用户确认。")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("-j")]),t._v("不重建文档的目录结构，把所有文件解压到同一目录下")])])]),t._v(" "),a("div",{staticClass:"language-shell extra-class"},[a("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-shell"}},[a("code",[a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# 将压缩文件text.zip在当前目录下解压缩")]),t._v("\nuzip text.zip\n")])])]),a("h2",{attrs:{id:"编辑命令vi"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#编辑命令vi"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" 编辑命令vi")]),t._v(" "),a("h3",{attrs:{id:"vi编辑器介绍"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#vi编辑器介绍"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" vi编辑器介绍")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("vi 编辑器是 Linux 系统下的标准编辑器，vi 可以分为三种状态，分别是命令行模式、插入模式和底行模式，各模式的功能区分如下：")]),t._v(" "),a("ul",[a("li",[t._v("命令行模式：控制屏幕光标的移动，字符、字或行的删除，移动复制某区段及进入插入模式下，或者到底行模式")]),t._v(" "),a("li",[t._v("插入模式：只有在插入模式下，才可以做文字输入，按 ESC 键可回到命令行模式")]),t._v(" "),a("li",[t._v("底行模式：将文件保存或退出 vi ，也可以设置编辑环境，如寻找字符串、列出行号等")])]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("在使用时通常把 vi 简化成两个模式，将底行模式也算入命令行模式")]),t._v(" "),a("h3",{attrs:{id:"命令模式-command-mode"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#命令模式-command-mode"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" 命令模式（Command mode）")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("启动 vi ，在系统提示符号输入 vi 及文件名称后，就进入 vi 全屏幕编辑画面，处于命令行模式，可移动光标、删除、移动、复制")]),t._v(" "),a("blockquote",[a("p",[a("code",[t._v("i")]),t._v("当前光标前插入")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("a")]),t._v("当前光标后插入")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("o")]),t._v("当前光标所在行下插入空行")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("I")]),t._v("当前光标所在行上插入空行")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("A")]),t._v("插于行首")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("O")]),t._v("插于行尾")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("x")]),t._v("删除一个字符")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v("dd")]),t._v("删除光标所在的行")])]),t._v(" "),a("h3",{attrs:{id:"插入模式-insert-mode"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#插入模式-insert-mode"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" 插入模式（Insert mode）")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("切换到插入模式才能够输入文字，在命令行模式下按下字母 i 进入插入模式，进行字符的输入和文件的编辑")]),t._v(" "),a("blockquote",[a("p",[t._v("按"),a("code",[t._v("ESC")]),t._v("返回命令模式")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("按"),a("code",[t._v("ESC")]),t._v("后输入“：”，进入底行模式")])]),t._v(" "),a("h3",{attrs:{id:"底行模式-lastline-mode"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#底行模式-lastline-mode"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" 底行模式（Lastline mode）")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("在命令行模式下，按一下冒号 ：键进入底行模式")]),t._v(" "),a("blockquote",[a("p",[a("code",[t._v(": w 文件名")]),t._v(" 将文件以指定文件名保存")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v(": wq")]),t._v(" 输入wq，存盘并退出vi")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("code",[t._v(": q!")]),t._v(" 输入q!，不存盘强制退出vi")])])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);a.default=v.exports}}]);
    2.